About
How organic matter evolved from plants to coal has always been of interest. The original intention of writing this book is to discuss the dynamics of the thermal metamorphism of organic matter from a mathematical point of view. According to mathematical thinking, the main and quantifiable variables (temperature, time and vitrinite reflection) equation is modified from Wu, one of the forerunners of studies on the influence of time and temperature factors on the transformation of organic matter from organism to charcoal, MTEC. Based on the ternary MTEC, the third quantity can be found on the premise that there are any two known quantities. The qualitative or semi-quantitative views in coal chemistry or coal metamorphism theory have been quantitatively calculated and mathematically verified. The results of verification can be expressed in tabular methods, graphing methods, and analytical methods.
A time-to-temperature ratio (t/T) is quantitatively designed to evaluate the relative contribution of the temperature to the extended time. In the three coal-forming periods in China, the time-to-temperature ratio was t/T>1 under all vitrinite reflectance examined, and the effect of increasing the temperature by 1°C was greater than that of extending the time by 1 million years, that is, the contribution of temperature was much greater than the contribution of extending time. The iterative algorithm of MTEC is used to solve the estimation of the paleo-geological time.
MTEC uses the calculated table to confirm and to extend that Xiao Xianming's simulation of vitrinite reflectance gradient and temperature gradient. A temperature-reflectance gradient ratio T/R0>50 is quantitatively designed to distinguish the plutonic metamorphism from the regional magmatic metamorphism.
Metamorphic Thermodynamic Equation for Petroleum (MTEP) has the same approach to deal with the formation of oil, referring to the similarities and differences in its formation process compared to that of coal. Based on published measurement data from an exploratory well in Indonesia it is verifying data, are established steps to calculate the vitrinite reflectance and temperature parameters, then the calculated data is validated. A multitude of charts and graphs are present for a better understanding of the results.
In general, this book will provide additional knowledge and a good understanding of metamorphic processes from a mathematical point of view.
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