Morphological Characterisation, Genetic Validation, and Potential Development of 'Entog Kebumen': A Distinctive Superior Dwarf Coconut Variety from Indonesia
Ismail Maskromo
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Jeanette Kumaunang
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Miftahorrachman Miftahorrachman
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Weda Makarti Mahayu
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Alberth Soplanit
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Sheny S. Kaihatu
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Olvie Grietjie Tandi
Research Center for Horticulture, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Budi Santosa
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih
Research Center for Horticulture, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Laela Sari
Research Center for Applied Botany, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Evan Maulana
Research Center for Applied Botany, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Joko Prasetiyono
Research Center for Applied Botany, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Tasliah Tasliah
Research Center for Applied Botany, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Jelfina C. Alouw
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
Rossa Yunita *
Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The demand for superior coconut varieties with early bearing and high productivity is still increasing. The Entog Kebumen dwarf coconut was a newly released variety; therefore, its stability needs to be analysed. This study presents the morphological characterisations and molecular analysis that underlie the official release of the ‘Entog Kebumen’ dwarf coconut as a superior variety from Indonesia. Observations conducted from 2016 to 2023 in Kebumen Regency, Central Java, evaluated the phenotypic stability and genetic distinctiveness of the population. The results confirmed that ‘Entog Kebumen’ was a unique dwarf coconut variety, characterised by its large fruit size and high fruit number, different from other dwarf coconuts. Other specific phenotypic markers were stiff leaves, round fruit shape, and light green exocarp. SSR analysis validated the genetic differentiation of the Entog Kebumen dwarf coconut from other previously released dwarf coconut cultivars. With 1,340 identified mother trees and a production capacity of 140,000 seeds per year (enough for 560 ha), this variety can be used for large-scale plantation development, especially for early-bearing coconuts, high-yielding, easy to harvest, and has a superior nutritional profile.
Keywords: Cocos nucifera L, coconut seeds, superior varieties, high yield