Critical Success Factors in the Implementation of Healthcare Information Systems in Developing Countries
Shafiqur Rahman *
International Open University, The Gambia.
Aminul Islam
Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University, KSA.
Sweta Thakur
IT School, King’s Own Institute, Australia.
Md Badiuzzaman
Information Technology and Engineering, Sydney Metropolitan Institute of Technology, Australia.
Nasrin Huda
University Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Many developing countries face persistent barriers to implementing healthcare information systems (HIS). Weak regulatory frameworks and outdated digital infrastructure remain key challenges. Bangladesh illustrates this situation, where fragmented services and limited electronic patient records reduce access to quality healthcare. Evidence suggests that standardised hospital information systems can improve patient management and service efficiency. However, successful adoption requires strong institutional and policy support. This chapter synthesises the critical factors influencing HIS implementation in developing country contexts. It draws on a systematic literature review grounded in information systems research. Eight core studies were identified from IEEE Xplore, EBSCO, and ScienceDirect following rigorous screening of 4,014 records. Twelve success factors emerged and were grouped into four policy-relevant themes. Effective resource allocation and governance capacity were identified as the most decisive factors for sustainable HIS implementation.
Keywords: Healthcare information systems, developing countries, systematic literature review, success criteria and resource allocation