https://stm2.bookpi.org/IMCETS <p>This monograph is devoted to the possible treatment methods for intraocular melanoma. It is well known that intraocular melanomas pose a threat not only to the visual organ but also to the patient’s life. In recent decades, considerable attention has been paid to organ-preserving treatment of uveal melanoma — an approach valued not only for preserving the eye itself, but also for retaining vision in many patients. This is especially critical in cases where the melanoma affects the patient’s only seeing eye.</p> <p>It is worth noting that life expectancy outcomes for patients with intraocular melanoma do not significantly differ between organ-preserving treatment and enucleation.</p> <p>Chapter One provides an analysis of current organ-preserving treatments for intraocular melanoma and potential paths for their improvement.</p> <p>Chapter Two discusses the nature of dysfunctions in the body’s antitumour resistance system in patients with intraocular melanoma, along with possible ways to stimulate the immune system to achieve better clinical results.</p> <p>Chapter Three explores the rationale for including alpha-2b-interferon as part of a combined therapy with photodestruction and brachytherapy in organ-preserving treatment.</p> <p>Chapter Four presents data supporting the effectiveness of selective intra-arterial chemotherapy, which helps reduce tumour cell resistance and enhances their sensitivity to photodestruction and localised radiotherapy.</p> <p>Chapter Five presents the outcomes of resection of iris, ciliary body, and choroidal melanomas using a radio wave scalpel, which allowed for a reduction in intra- and postoperative complications.</p> <p>Chapter Six describes the results of intraocular melanoma endoresection using electrowelding technology, developed jointly by the Filatov Institute (Odesa) and the E.O. Paton Institute of Electric Welding (Kyiv). This method expanded indications for endoresection and lowered the risk of surgical and postoperative complications.</p> <p>Chapter Seven presents the outcomes of eye enucleation using our newly developed technique involving rigid fixation of the ocular prosthesis to the musculoskeletal ocular stump. This significantly improved prosthesis motility, positively impacting the psychological and social rehabilitation of patients after enucleation.</p> <p>In conclusion, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my co-authors for their valuable scientific contributions and assistance in writing this book. I also extend sincere thanks to our mentors — the pioneers of organ-preserving therapy for intraocular melanoma patients.</p> en-US Intraocular Melanoma: Current and Emerging Treatment Strategies https://stm2.bookpi.org/IMCETS/article/view/390 <p>Intraocular tumors occupy an important place among neoplasms of the eye, second in frequency after eyelid tumors.</p> <p>Due to their high malignancy, uveal melanomas pose a threat both directly to the visual organ and to the patient's life itself.</p> <p>It should be noted that in most cases (75%) uveal melanomas affect people of working age, and most often they are diagnosed at the age of 31 - 60 years.</p> <p>Thus, the problem of developing new and improving existing methods of treating patients with uveal melanomas of the eye has not only scientific and applied, but also medical and social significance.</p> <p>Currently, instead of the previously used enucleation of the eyeball, the emphasis is on organ-preserving treatment of uveal melanoma, the advantage of which is not only in preserving the eye, but also preserving vision in many patients. This is especially important for melanoma in the only sighted eye. Radiation therapy, laser therapy, new methods of intraocular surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and their combination are used.</p> <p>Also, in recent years, a large amount of information has accumulated in oncology, indicating a significant role of disorders of the mechanisms of immunological control in the initiation and development of the tumour process. This primarily concerns the suppression of the functional activity of immunocompetent cells, in particular T-dependent lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes in malignant tumours of various localisations, which was taken into account by us when developing an additional treatment method using alpha-2b-interferon (laferobion).</p> <p>In this work, based on our own experience of practice in ophthalmic oncology for more than 45 years, we draw the attention of ophthalmic oncologists to the need for a systemic approach to the treatment of intraocular melanoma. In addition to traditional treatment methods, we have included alpha-2b-interferon (laferobion) (taking into account the body's antitumor resistance), selective intra-arterial chemotherapy in the treatment method to increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to local radiation therapy, as well as our own surgical developments in intraocular tumor excision using a radiowave knife (primarily for melanomas of the iris, ciliary body and preequatorial part of the choroid) and the method of high-frequency electric welding (choroidal melanoma). Our goal was to expand the indications for organ-preserving treatment of intraocular melanomas and reduce the percentage of surgical and postoperative complications. In our opinion, the work we have carried out and the results presented in the book may be of interest to ophthalmologists.</p> Anatoliy Parfentievich Maletskyy Liudmila Mykolaivna Velichko Mykola Mykolaiiovich Umanets Olena Victorovna Khomyakova Natalia Mikhilivna Bigun Yevhenii Andriiovich Chumakov Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s). The licensee is the publisher (BP International). 2025-09-13 2025-09-13 1 124 10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-992493-8-7