Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Production among Smallholder Farmers in Ga-Ramokgopa Village, Molemole Local Municipality, Limpopo Province
T. Sithole
University of Limpopo, Mankweng, Polokwane, Limpopo Province, South Africa.
T. J. Nesengani *
University of Limpopo, Mankweng, Polokwane, Limpopo Province, South Africa.
P. M. Nkoana
University of Limpopo, Mankweng, Polokwane, Limpopo Province, South Africa.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to assess the impact of climate change on agricultural production among smallholder farmers in Ga-Ramokgopa Village, Molemole Local Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa. It also examined farmers’ perceptions of climate change and the adaptation strategies they use to manage its effects.
Study Design: The study adopted a quantitative research design.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Ga-Ramokgopa Village, Molemole Local Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Data were collected in 2025.
Methodology: A total of 45 questionnaires were distributed to smallholder farmers, of which 35 were returned and included in the analysis, representing a response rate of 77.8%. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages, in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26. The analysis focused on farmers’ perceptions of climate change, its effects on agricultural production, and the adaptation strategies employed.
Results: The findings revealed that increased temperatures (51.4%) were the most commonly observed climate change indicator, followed by irregular rainfall (22.9%) and increased droughts (20.0%). Most respondents (82.9%) attributed climate change to human activities. The main reported effects on agricultural production were reduced crop yields (37.1%), water shortages (22.9%), crop failure (14.3%) and reduced grazing land (14.3%). Using drought-resistant crops was the most common adaptation strategy (42.9%), followed by mulching and soil conservation (17.1%). However, 62.9% of respondents reported receiving no external support for climate change adaptation.
Conclusion: Respondents reported adverse effects of changing climatic conditions on agricultural production and rural livelihoods in Ga-Ramokgopa Village. Strengthening agricultural extension services, improving access to climate information and affordable farming inputs, and supporting climate-smart agricultural practices are important for improving smallholder farmers’ resilience.
Keywords: Climate change, smallholder farmers, agricultural production, adaptation strategies, Limpopo Province, rural livelihoods