Agricultural Sciences: Techniques and Innovations Vol. 10

A field experiment was conducted in Ukhiya, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, during 2022–2024 to assess the combined effects of bamboo biochar and land elevation on the growth and yield of Moringa oleifera (var. PKM-2) under coastal agro-ecological conditions. The study used a two-factor randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, comprising four biochar doses (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha⁻¹) and five land-elevation classes (high land, medium slope, low slope, plain acidic and plain loamy), resulting in 20 treatment combinations. Biochar application significantly enhanced vegetative growth and yield attributes across 6–24 months (p < 0.05). At 24 months, plant height increased from 3.16 m in the control to 3.75 m under 15 t ha⁻¹ biochar, while pod number rose from 56.60 to 76.40 plant⁻¹ and pod length from 45.56 to 59.31 cm. Land elevation also significantly influenced performance (p < 0.05); plain loamy and low-slope positions generally produced taller plants, greater canopy development and higher pod production than high-land or plain acidic sites. Interaction effects indicated that 10–15 t ha⁻¹ biochar performed best in loamy plains and low-slope areas, with the highest pod number (85.7 plant⁻¹) and superior leaf biomass recorded under 10 t ha⁻¹ biochar in loamy plains. Overall, bamboo biochar application (10–15 t ha⁻¹) combined with favourable land positions (loamy plain or low slope) appears to be an effective strategy for improving moringa productivity and stabilising yield under coastal soil constraints.