An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 12

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) are widely applied in various modern technological, medical, and cosmetic industries due to their excellent optical and electrical properties, along with antimicrobial and antioxidant abilities. In line with the growing industrial applications of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) in various fields, concerns about their potentially harmful consequences on the environment and public health are increasing. Giloy is considered an alternative medicine to treat various ailments. It is deemed beneficial for promoting liver health and potentially impacting heart health. This study aimed to evaluate the hematotoxicity of CuONPs and the alleviating effect of giloy in adult rats. In this experiment, 28 laboratory rats were used, set to four groups (7/group), as follows: control group without any dose; CuONPs group administered copper oxide nanoparticles at 300 mg/kg/day; CuONPs + giloy group dosed with CuONPs at 300 mg/kg/day plus giloy at 100 mg/kg/day; giloy group treated only with giloy at 100 mg/kg/day. All treatments were given by gastric gavage and continued for 28 uninterrupted days. Dosing laboratory rats with CuONPs led to significant negative changes in the examined blood profile, with a marked decrease (P<0.05) in red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HB), hematocrit (HTC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and platelets (PLT), along with an increase in white blood cell count (WBC), compared to the control group. In contrast, when the rats were co-administered with giloy, restoring the disturbed blood levels was observed. Copper oxide nanoparticles at a high dose had notable hematotoxicity in laboratory rats and, supplemented with giloy, could reduce this haematological toxicity. Further research is needed to assess its protective effects on other tissues and organs.